An Observational Study to Analyse the Prevalence and Patterns of Drug Utilization Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending the Diabetic Clinic Opd at A Tertiary Care Centre in Bikaner, (Rajasthan)

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex, chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Aim: To analyze the prescribing patterns and drug utilization trends among diabetes mellitus patients attending the Diabetic Clinic OPD at a tertiary care center using WHO core prescribing indicators. Methodology: The present study was a hospital-based cross-sectional observational study conducted in the Department of Pharmacology in association with the Diabetic Clinic Outpatient Department (OPD) at S. P. Medical College and P.B.M. Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan. Result: The study showed that type 2 diabetes mellitus was the predominant form of diabetes, with metformin and glimepiride being the most commonly prescribed drugs, while triple-drug therapy and polypharmacy were frequently observed. Prescribing practices demonstrated high adherence to generic and NLEM drug use, with limited but increasing use of newer agents such as SGLT2 inhibitors. Conclusion: The prescribing pattern largely followed current standard treatment guidelines, emphasizing rational use of antidiabetic medications and extensive generic prescribing. Regular prescription audits and greater use of evidence-based newer therapies can further optimize diabetes management and improve patient outcomes.