Correlation of TyG Index, TyG-BMI Index, TG/HDL-C ratio with Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Insulin Resistance (IR) is a key component in the pathophysiology of many metabolic diseases, including MetS. The preset study was undertaken to assess and correlate TyG index, TyG-BMI index, TG/HDLC ratio with metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: A total of 260 subjects were involved in this study. They were categorized into 130 patients with metabolic syndrome as cases and 130 non- metabolic syndromes as controls. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at in Department of General Medicine, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre (AIMSRC), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. A detailed physical, clinical examination was done for all the study participants. The BMI, waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure was measured. Five ml fasting blood samples were collected from all the study participants, transferred 2 ml into fluoride tube for glucose and 3 ml in plain tube. The samples were centrifuged at 3000rpm for five minutes to obtain plasma/serum. Obtained plasma/serum sample was used for estimation of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDLC were estimated by using Biochemistry fully auto analyzer. LDLC, VLDLC, non-HDLC, TyG index, TyG-BMI and TG/HDLC were calculated. Results: In the present study, mean age 49.4±14.1 years, WC 125.2±12.1 cm, WHR 0.91±0.06 and BMI 30.1±3.5 kg/m2, SBP 138.6±15.2 mmHg, DBP 82.6±10.5 mmHg, serum glucose 116.9±19.2 mg/dl, cholesterol 199.4±30.8 mg/dl, triglycerides 187.7±40.4 mg/dl, LDLC 130.4±12.9 mg/dl, VLDLC 37.5±8.1 mg/dl, non-HDLC 167.9±21 mg/dl, TyG index 9.9±3.2, TyG-BMI index 129.1±13.6 and TG/HDLC 7.0±3.2 were significantly increased whereas HDLC 31.5±9.8 mg/dl was significantly decreased in patients with metabolic syndrome compared to non- metabolic syndrome subjects. In this, TyG index showed positive correlation with WC (r = 0.219), TGL (r = 0.621), SBP (r = 0.515), DBP (= 0.510) and glucose (r = 0.715) whereas HDLC (r = -0.694) showed negative correlation. TyG-BMI index showed positive correlation with WC (r = 0.225), TGL (r = 0.612), SBP (r = 0.532), DBP (r = 0.216) and glucose (r = 0.669) whereas HDLC (r = -0.668) showed negative correlation. Similarly, TG/HDLC also showed positive correlation with WC (r = 0.231), TGL (r = 0.662), SBP (r = 0.532), DBP (r = 0.419) and glucose (r = 0.649) whereas HDLC (r = -0.519) showed negative correlation. Conclusion: TyG index, TyG-BMI index and TG/HDLC showed significant positive correlation with all the metabolic syndrome parameters except HDLC.