Serum Uric Acid and Metabolic Risk Clustering in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61336/jdme.0502.02Keywords:
Serum uric acid, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, metabolic risk clusteringAbstract
Serum uric acid has been associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular risk, but its relationship with the clustering of metabolic abnormalities at the time of type 2 diabetes diagnosis remains incompletely characterized. This study evaluated the association between serum uric acid concentration and the number of concurrent metabolic risk factors among adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 188 adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes within the preceding six months. Fasting serum uric acid, glucose, insulin, lipid profile, liver enzymes, renal function, blood pressure, and anthropometric measurements were assessed. Metabolic risk clustering was defined according to the presence of central adiposity, elevated triglycerides, reduced HDL cholesterol, elevated blood pressure, and insulin resistance. Participants were categorized into uric acid tertiles. Individuals in the highest uric acid tertile had greater waist circumference, higher triglycerides, lower HDL cholesterol, higher HOMA-IR, and higher systolic blood pressure than those in the lowest tertile. Serum uric acid increased progressively with the number of metabolic abnormalities. Participants with four or more metabolic risk factors had significantly higher uric acid concentrations than those with two or fewer factors. After adjustment for age, sex, BMI, estimated glomerular filtration rate, alcohol intake, and diabetes duration, serum uric acid remained independently associated with metabolic risk clustering. Participants in the highest uric acid tertile had approximately 3.1-fold greater odds of having extensive metabolic risk clustering compared with those in the lowest tertile. These findings suggest that serum uric acid may serve as an accessible marker of broader metabolic dysfunction in individuals at the early stage of type 2 diabetes.
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